Toktogul Kakchekeev: Who and what achieves in Central Asia?

The political scientist, expert on conflicts both the expert in the theory and practice of peacekeeping and humanitarian operations, the national and international security, the co-author of the manual «Relevance of Continuous Counteraction to the Facts of Use of Islamic Religion in the Antisocial Purposes, Neutralization of Clerical Promotion of the Blasting Centres» Toktogul Kakchekeev stated to our portal the opinion of events in Central Asia and told about changes in Kyrgyzstan:

- Behind any political acts the economic interests lie. Still the grandfather Marx spoke about it. And what keeps the interest in the world? Market! And who operates it? The richest people in the world. For the sake of their interest all Africa is pitted and dug over. Now the natural mineral — raw material resources remained unless in Russia, the Arctic and Antarctic in original state. The hydrocarbon raw materials are in the countries of the Middle East. Also look where there is various conflicts? Just where the valuable raw materials are extracted!

And there is still a plenty natural resources in Central Asia. It means, it is interesting to the USA by definition … Role of China in this case is the second as it acts as the investor. If to look at offers which Mao’s followers did to the American imperialism, we will see that China waited for the invitation from the USA all the time to cooperation against Russia. And China showed the true worth later …

But it is necessary to pay tribute to the president Yeltsin: he realized the threat from China to the Far East and Siberia. Therefore the agreement on partnership within SCO was concluded. But the partnership all the same shows true desires of China. For example, China offered 10 billion dollars for SCO bank creation for Central Asia, then offered 10 more … The idea was such: the Chinese technological standards are entered on a leasing basis on this money in the region, and, eventually, all this region will appear in a zone of direct influence of China. It is actually Asian version of the well-known plan of Marshall.

- When the conversation is about Central Asia, not to bypass a subject of the future withdrawal of American troops from Afghanistan in any way. However, everyone exploits this subject in own interest…

- The Afghan factor appeared in political arena with the help of saudits. Osama Bin Laden, the Yemen citizen, worked with saudits in construction business and had profit in 200 million dollars a year. Osama Bin Laden was the founder of movement of Mujahideens — soldiers of Islam. He was fostered by CIA, of course. And when the Afghan war ended and the limited contingent of the Soviet armies left the country, Mujahideens decided to continue …

And there was a movement for caliphate construction. It is necessary to tell that this idea was not new: in Soviet period the Muslim Brotherhood who had 9 bureaus were engaged in it and worked at the Caucasus, in Central Asia and the Volga region.

Then the Taliban which was created by the major of foreign intelligence of Pakistan mullah Omar («One-eyed») was engaged in it. But after all in the Koran it is written that the prophet, dying, told that after his death there will be no other caliphate! It doesn’t stop them and therefore jihadists, Islamic party of Turkestan and Islamic movement of Uzbekistan actively work. Their only purpose is to beat off the Central Asian republics from Russia, to create the Islamic states in Central Asia, the Volga region and in the Caucasus.

- The different ways of the solution of this task are provided…

- The union of the Taliban and the most radical Islamic currents in a mode of «Arab spring» chose very interesting position: on shoulders of Americans to participate in all revolutions which happen according to the program «Arab spring». Their interests coincide: the raw material resources are necessary to Americans, thus Saudi Arabia and Qatar will be the participants of process. And the Taliban and Al-Qaeda through the American aggression or investments into these countries can come to the political power on a legitimate basis — through elective process.

- When the former Soviet republics of Central Asia found independence, there were the conversations on integration within the region. But conversations remained conversations …

- But for such countries as Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan there are no other way after all. Also it is connected by that these countries are small. But they at the same time possess the richest resources of non-ferrous and rare metals and have huge potential in hydropower. The possession of mineral raw material resources is important, but I want to pay attention to one circumstance.

At the time of Yeltsin China managed to tear off Uzongu-Kuush from Kyrgyzstan. And after all it is billion cubic meters of fresh water, these are the glaciers. In Soviet period China was even not courageous to have conversation on this subject, and everything decided, I consider, at the time of Gorbachev — Shevardnadze; such people as the first president of Kyrgyzstan Askar Akayev all this only issued …

— How noticeable the American influence in Kyrgyzstan now?

- There are politicians who swallow everything that they are palmed off. Here is a simple example from our recent story: the first president of the republic Askar Akayev was a supplier for the American base. All his family and members of the government was engaged in it … And our many statesmen from the time of Akayev didn’t understand to this day what means to be the state person! Here are the illegibility in means, and absence of political culture that brings in a result of their activity to dependence on other countries.

- But after all the issue with the American Manas base is resolved finally? It won’t be in the territory of the republic more?

- The relevant law is already adopted though it was difficult. Here the Minister of Finance and the Deputy Prime Minister say that we will have now a budget deficit, and it will make not less than 10%. But after all long ago it is known that who gives money, that orders the music … And the USA, China, Iran are ready to give money…

It is necessary to pay close attention to this problem — it is necessary to work and work! But not as earlier, but in the commonwealth with CIS countries and, first of all, our strategic ally — Russia.

- After all, why «Manas» was necessary to Americans instead of base in other part of the huge region?

- We are on a world roof! In due time the member of the Russian geographical society Pyotr Petrovich Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky told that Kyrgyzstan is the iron gate to Asia. They control the pass of the military contingents both to the north, and to the south. These are remote areas therefore the one who is here, that controls a situation.

Americans well understood it therefore moved here the wing from Okinawa. Earlier it controlled Japan, Korea, China and South East Asia. But if they were relocated to Kyrgyzstan now, there were important tasks. For example, it would be possible to use air base if there is a full-scale military conflict to Iran. «Manas» was very important in the light of a situation with Afghanistan: up to 30 000 people of staff passed through base in one side per month. Air refuelling of fighting aircraft which was applied to the solution of military tasks in Afghanistan was made also.

One more interesting moment: «Manas» is absolutely near that region of China where there is a nuclear range and the corresponding infrastructure.

Americans, certainly, didn’t want to leave the base. They used the created pro-American electorate to hold «Manas». In Kyrgyzstan 5000 non-governmental organizations work: it is a lot for our small country! Actively the Protestant, Anglican and Catholic Churches, numerous sects work. The headquarters of these religious sects are in the USA, of course. They actively work to find influence on mood of inhabitants of our country. For example, you go on Molodaya Gvardiya Boulevard in Bishkek, and the corresponding literature in the Kyrgyz language lies on each bench. It is forbidden to go on houses by the law and to agitate, so they leave the production on foregrounds …

— What vector of development is chosen today by Kyrgyzstan?

- It is necessary to look at a matrix. The northern part of Kyrgyz people bore huge humiliations and oppression from the Kokand khanate. And in the south — the same was from the Han empire. Having left to Russia, Kyrgyz people moved ahead at once! Russian-native school, real schools, gymnasiums at which the elite studied were created in Karakol.

After October revolution these people directed Kyrgyzstan, and the country flew up on new, high degree of culture, education, technology …

But here 20 years after disintegration of the Soviet Union passed and a lot of things disappear! Culture is the only thing that remains. Trace of humanitarian influence of Russia is, first of all, the Russian language, the Russian literature. Style and mentality, and most, probably, interesting, the Russian military science.

After an informal meeting of ODKB in Kyrgyzstan when Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin arrived there, the issue of assistance to Kyrgyzstan was finally resolved, plus a public debt of the republic was written off. Help by the food — 20 thousand tons is given. Russia opened of a door of the highest and average educational institutions to inhabitants of Kyrgyzstan. And it is that many times over will increase influence and possibilities of Russia in Kyrgyzstan in the future. It is very big break!

— Kyrgyzstan will be entered in the Customs Union too?

- I think that surely will enter. Do you know that for years of independence Kyrgyzstan couldn’t carry out delimitation and border demarcation with Tajikistan and Uzbekistan? With Kazakhstan this process is complete with loss of the territory of Karkyr, and we conceded Uzongu-Kuush to China. I think that with entry of Kyrgyzstan into the Customs Union this issue will be resolved. It is very important for us especially as Uzbekistan left ODKB …

It is even a bigger prize, than an economic component for the country. I think that Kyrgyzstan, as before, will be under an umbrella of Russia in the future. And it is necessary for republic development — from any point of view: both economic and cultural and political.

— Can we say that the geopolitical choice appeared the most important for Kyrgyzstan after all?

- Certainly! Our people in the majority, at the level of 85−87%, stand up for cooperation with Russia, up to entry into its structure. I will remind that there is a contract on eternal friendship between Russia and Kyrgyzstan!